The aviation news deskOctober 7, 2026RSS

INTERNATIONAL FLIGHT NEWS

Aviation data desk

A searchable reference for major airport identifiers, commercial aircraft families and the operational language used across aviation.

Generic passenger jet · AI-generated editorial illustration

Aviation data desk

Using the data desk

Identifiers are not destinations

An IATA airport code is used in booking and baggage systems; an ICAO indicator serves operational uses. A metropolitan area may have several airports, and an airport may change its public name without changing its code.

Time zones and schedules

The IANA entry identifies a zone and its historical rules. Airline timetables normally show local departure and arrival times. Check the travel date when comparing times across daylight-saving changes.

Aircraft figures need context

Seat counts and range are indicative manufacturer values, not a specification for every airline. Cabin density, payload and conditions alter what a particular service can carry. Follow the manufacturer source for the model being compared.

249 matching entries

138 Global airport identifiers24 Commercial aircraft reference87 Aviation glossary

Airport codes and coordinates were cross-checked against the community-maintained OurAirports dataset. IANA time zones are geographic identifiers, not fixed UTC offsets. Airport websites, terminals and flight status must be checked before travelling.

Seats use the displayed cabin basis. Maximum seats are supplied only where the source states them. Range figures follow the selected publication: ATR uses current product-page maximum-passenger values; Embraer E2 specifications state full passengers, long-range cruise, typical reserves and a 100 NM alternate. A350 specification tables are preferred over differing headlines. These figures do not establish certification or service availability.

Reviewed : Global airport identifiers · Commercial aircraft reference
Aviation glossary

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  • Global airport identifiers : CSV JSON
  • Commercial aircraft reference : CSV JSON
  • Aviation glossary : CSV JSON

IATA · ICAO

Global airport identifiers

IATA and ICAO codes for major international gateways. Time zones use the IANA database identifiers used by software and schedules.

CodeAirportLocationTime zone
ABJDIAPFélix-Houphouët-Boigny International AirportOurAirports ↗ · CIAbidjan · Côte d’IvoireAfrica/Abidjan5.26139, -3.92629
ACCDGAAKotoka International AirportOurAirports ↗ · GHAccra · GhanaAfrica/Accra5.6051898002625, -0.16678600013256
ADBLTBJAdnan Menderes AirportOurAirports ↗ · TRİzmir · TürkiyeEurope/Istanbul38.2924, 27.157
ADDHAABAddis Ababa Bole International AirportOurAirports ↗ · ETAddis Ababa · EthiopiaAfrica/Addis_Ababa8.97789, 38.799301
AEPSABEAeroparque Jorge NewberyOurAirports ↗ · ARBuenos Aires · ArgentinaAmerica/Argentina/Buenos_Aires-34.559419, -58.415536
AKLNZAAAuckland AirportOurAirports ↗ · NZAuckland · New ZealandPacific/Auckland-37.01199, 174.786331
ALGDAAGHouari Boumediene AirportOurAirports ↗ · DZAlgiers · AlgeriaAfrica/Algiers36.693886, 3.214531
AMMOJAIQueen Alia International AirportOurAirports ↗ · JOAmman · JordanAsia/Amman31.7226009369, 35.9931983948
AMSEHAMAmsterdam Airport SchipholOurAirports ↗ · NLAmsterdam · NetherlandsEurope/Amsterdam52.308601, 4.76389
ASUSGASSilvio Pettirossi International AirportOurAirports ↗ · PYAsunción · ParaguayAmerica/Asuncion-25.240156, -57.519227
ATHLGAVAthens International AirportOurAirports ↗ · GRAthens · GreeceEurope/Athens37.936401, 23.9445
ATLKATLHartsfield–Jackson Atlanta InternationalOurAirports ↗ · USAtlanta · United StatesAmerica/New_York33.6367, -84.428101
AUHOMAAZayed International AirportOurAirports ↗ · AEAbu Dhabi · United Arab EmiratesAsia/Dubai24.440966, 54.649237
BAHOBBIBahrain International AirportOurAirports ↗ · BHManama · BahrainAsia/Bahrain26.267295, 50.63764
BCNLEBLJosep Tarradellas Barcelona–El Prat AirportOurAirports ↗ · ESBarcelona · SpainEurope/Madrid41.2971, 2.07846
BEREDDBBerlin Brandenburg AirportOurAirports ↗ · DEBerlin · GermanyEurope/Berlin52.361738, 13.502341
BKKVTBSSuvarnabhumi AirportOurAirports ↗ · THBangkok · ThailandAsia/Bangkok13.6811, 100.747002
BLRVOBLKempegowda International AirportOurAirports ↗ · INBengaluru · IndiaAsia/Kolkata13.1979, 77.706299
BNEYBBNBrisbane AirportOurAirports ↗ · AUBrisbane · AustraliaAustralia/Brisbane-27.384199142456, 153.11700439453
BOGSKBOEl Dorado International AirportOurAirports ↗ · COBogotá · ColombiaAmerica/Bogota4.70159, -74.1469
BOMVABBChhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj InternationalOurAirports ↗ · INMumbai · IndiaAsia/Kolkata19.088699, 72.867897
BOSKBOSBoston Logan International AirportOurAirports ↗ · USBoston · United StatesAmerica/New_York42.36197, -71.0079
BRUEBBRBrussels AirportOurAirports ↗ · BEBrussels · BelgiumEurope/Brussels50.901402, 4.48444
BSLLFSBEuroAirport Basel–Mulhouse–FreiburgOurAirports ↗ · FRBasel / Mulhouse · FranceEurope/Paris47.60068, 7.521117
BUDLHBPBudapest Ferenc Liszt International AirportOurAirports ↗ · HUBudapest · HungaryEurope/Budapest47.43018, 19.262393
CAIHECACairo International AirportOurAirports ↗ · EGCairo · EgyptAfrica/Cairo30.111534, 31.396694
CDGLFPGParis Charles de Gaulle AirportOurAirports ↗ · FRParis · FranceEurope/Paris49.00896, 2.554117
CEBRPVMMactan–Cebu International AirportOurAirports ↗ · PHCebu · PhilippinesAsia/Manila10.309261, 123.97974
CMNGMMNMohammed V International AirportOurAirports ↗ · MACasablanca · MoroccoAfrica/Casablanca33.3675, -7.58997
CPHEKCHCopenhagen AirportOurAirports ↗ · DKCopenhagen · DenmarkEurope/Copenhagen55.617900848389, 12.656000137329
CPTFACTCape Town International AirportOurAirports ↗ · ZACape Town · South AfricaAfrica/Johannesburg-33.97403, 18.604333
CRKRPLCClark International AirportOurAirports ↗ · PHMabalacat · PhilippinesAsia/Manila15.186, 120.559998
CUNMMUNCancún International AirportOurAirports ↗ · MXCancún · MexicoAmerica/Cancun21.040817, -86.87347
DARHTDAJulius Nyerere International AirportOurAirports ↗ · TZDar es Salaam · TanzaniaAfrica/Dar_es_Salaam-6.873499, 39.207288
DCAKDCARonald Reagan Washington National AirportOurAirports ↗ · USWashington · United StatesAmerica/New_York38.8521, -77.037697
DELVIDPIndira Gandhi International AirportOurAirports ↗ · INDelhi · IndiaAsia/Kolkata28.55563, 77.09519
DFWKDFWDallas Fort Worth International AirportOurAirports ↗ · USDallas–Fort Worth · United StatesAmerica/Chicago32.896801, -97.038002
DMMOEDFKing Fahd International AirportOurAirports ↗ · SADammam · Saudi ArabiaAsia/Riyadh26.4691, 49.798209
DOHOTHHHamad International AirportOurAirports ↗ · QADoha · QatarAsia/Qatar25.273056, 51.608056
DPSWADDI Gusti Ngurah Rai International AirportOurAirports ↗ · IDDenpasar · IndonesiaAsia/Makassar-8.748409, 115.167123
DUBEIDWDublin AirportOurAirports ↗ · IEDublin · IrelandEurope/Dublin53.428713, -6.262121
DXBOMDBDubai International AirportOurAirports ↗ · AEDubai · United Arab EmiratesAsia/Dubai25.24979, 55.370992
EDIEGPHEdinburgh AirportOurAirports ↗ · GBEdinburgh · United KingdomEurope/London55.950145, -3.372288
EWRKEWRNewark Liberty International AirportOurAirports ↗ · USNewark · United StatesAmerica/New_York40.6894, -74.170545
EZESAEZMinistro Pistarini International AirportOurAirports ↗ · ARBuenos Aires · ArgentinaAmerica/Argentina/Buenos_Aires-34.8222, -58.5358
FCOLIRFRome Fiumicino AirportOurAirports ↗ · ITRome · ItalyEurope/Rome41.804532, 12.251998
FRAEDDFFrankfurt AirportOurAirports ↗ · DEFrankfurt · GermanyEurope/Berlin50.026706, 8.55835
GDLMMGLGuadalajara International AirportOurAirports ↗ · MXGuadalajara · MexicoAmerica/Mexico_City20.523342, -103.310108
GIGSBGLRio de Janeiro/Galeão International AirportOurAirports ↗ · BRRio de Janeiro · BrazilAmerica/Sao_Paulo-22.809999, -43.250557
GMPRKSSGimpo International AirportOurAirports ↗ · KRSeoul · South KoreaAsia/Seoul37.5583, 126.791
GOTESGGGöteborg Landvetter AirportOurAirports ↗ · SEGothenburg · SwedenEurope/Stockholm57.6628, 12.2798
GRUSBGRSão Paulo/Guarulhos InternationalOurAirports ↗ · BRSão Paulo · BrazilAmerica/Sao_Paulo-23.431274, -46.469954
GVALSGGGeneva AirportOurAirports ↗ · CHGeneva · SwitzerlandEurope/Zurich46.238098, 6.10895
HANVVNBNoi Bai International AirportOurAirports ↗ · VNHanoi · VietnamAsia/Ho_Chi_Minh21.221201, 105.806999
HELEFHKHelsinki AirportOurAirports ↗ · FIHelsinki · FinlandEurope/Helsinki60.318363, 24.963341
HKGVHHHHong Kong International AirportOurAirports ↗ · HKHong Kong · Hong Kong SAR ChinaAsia/Hong_Kong22.31184, 113.914862
HNDRJTTTokyo Haneda AirportOurAirports ↗ · JPTokyo · JapanAsia/Tokyo35.549678, 139.786958
HNLPHNLDaniel K. Inouye International AirportOurAirports ↗ · USHonolulu · United StatesPacific/Honolulu21.318387, -157.92567
HYDVOHSRajiv Gandhi International AirportOurAirports ↗ · INHyderabad · IndiaAsia/Kolkata17.231318, 78.429855
IADKIADWashington Dulles International AirportOurAirports ↗ · USWashington · United StatesAmerica/New_York38.9445, -77.455803
IAHKIAHGeorge Bush Intercontinental AirportOurAirports ↗ · USHouston · United StatesAmerica/Chicago29.9844, -95.3414
ICNRKSIIncheon International AirportOurAirports ↗ · KRSeoul · South KoreaAsia/Seoul37.469101, 126.450996
ISTLTFMIstanbul AirportOurAirports ↗ · TRIstanbul · TürkiyeEurope/Istanbul41.274874, 28.732136
JEDOEJNKing Abdulaziz International AirportOurAirports ↗ · SAJeddah · Saudi ArabiaAsia/Riyadh21.680241, 39.157436
JFKKJFKJohn F. Kennedy International AirportOurAirports ↗ · USNew York · United StatesAmerica/New_York40.639447, -73.779317
JNBFAORO. R. Tambo International AirportOurAirports ↗ · ZAJohannesburg · South AfricaAfrica/Johannesburg-26.140081, 28.246801
KGLHRYRKigali International AirportOurAirports ↗ · RWKigali · RwandaAfrica/Kigali-1.96863, 30.1395
KHIOPKCJinnah International AirportOurAirports ↗ · PKKarachi · PakistanAsia/Karachi24.9065, 67.160797
KIXRJBBKansai International AirportOurAirports ↗ · JPOsaka · JapanAsia/Tokyo34.427299, 135.244003
KTMVNKTTribhuvan International AirportOurAirports ↗ · NPKathmandu · NepalAsia/Kathmandu27.6966, 85.3591
KULWMKKKuala Lumpur International AirportOurAirports ↗ · MYKuala Lumpur · MalaysiaAsia/Kuala_Lumpur2.74558, 101.709999
LADFNLUQuatro de Fevereiro International AirportOurAirports ↗ · AOLuanda · AngolaAfrica/Luanda-8.85837, 13.2312
LASKLASHarry Reid International AirportOurAirports ↗ · USLas Vegas · United StatesAmerica/Los_Angeles36.083361, -115.151817
LAXKLAXLos Angeles International AirportOurAirports ↗ · USLos Angeles · United StatesAmerica/Los_Angeles33.942501, -118.407997
LCYEGLCLondon City AirportOurAirports ↗ · GBLondon · United KingdomEurope/London51.505299, 0.055278
LEDULLIPulkovo AirportOurAirports ↗ · RUSaint Petersburg · RussiaEurope/Moscow59.800301, 30.262501
LGAKLGALaGuardia AirportOurAirports ↗ · USNew York · United StatesAmerica/New_York40.777199, -73.872597
LGWEGKKLondon Gatwick AirportOurAirports ↗ · GBLondon · United KingdomEurope/London51.148744, -0.185739
LHREGLLHeathrow AirportOurAirports ↗ · GBLondon · United KingdomEurope/London51.470748, -0.459909
LIMSPJCJorge Chávez International AirportOurAirports ↗ · PELima · PeruAmerica/Lima-12.0219, -77.114305
LISLPPTHumberto Delgado AirportOurAirports ↗ · PTLisbon · PortugalEurope/Lisbon38.7813, -9.13592
LPAGCLPGran Canaria AirportOurAirports ↗ · ESLas Palmas · SpainAtlantic/Canary27.9319, -15.3866
LTNEGGWLondon Luton AirportOurAirports ↗ · GBLuton · United KingdomEurope/London51.874699, -0.368333
LUXELLXLuxembourg AirportOurAirports ↗ · LULuxembourg · LuxembourgEurope/Luxembourg49.626845, 6.212134
MADLEMDAdolfo Suárez Madrid–Barajas AirportOurAirports ↗ · ESMadrid · SpainEurope/Madrid40.493407, -3.572249
MCTOOMSMuscat International AirportOurAirports ↗ · OMMuscat · OmanAsia/Muscat23.600218, 58.285268
MELYMMLMelbourne AirportOurAirports ↗ · AUMelbourne · AustraliaAustralia/Melbourne-37.670732, 144.837898
MEXMMMXMexico City International AirportOurAirports ↗ · MXMexico City · MexicoAmerica/Mexico_City19.435822, -99.07033
MIAKMIAMiami International AirportOurAirports ↗ · USMiami · United StatesAmerica/New_York25.796011, -80.289751
MLALMMLMalta International AirportOurAirports ↗ · MTMalta · MaltaEurope/Malta35.845932, 14.491546
MNLRPLLNinoy Aquino International AirportOurAirports ↗ · PHManila · PhilippinesAsia/Manila14.5086, 121.019997
MSPKMSPMinneapolis–Saint Paul International AirportOurAirports ↗ · USMinneapolis · United StatesAmerica/Chicago44.880081, -93.221741
MUCEDDMMunich AirportOurAirports ↗ · DEMunich · GermanyEurope/Berlin48.353802, 11.7861
NANNFFNNadi International AirportOurAirports ↗ · FJNadi · FijiPacific/Fiji-17.761822, 177.437843
NBJFNBJDr. António Agostinho Neto International AirportOurAirports ↗ · AOLuanda · AngolaAfrica/Luanda-9.050734, 13.499078
NBOHKJKJomo Kenyatta International AirportOurAirports ↗ · KENairobi · KenyaAfrica/Nairobi-1.318886, 36.928233
NCELFMNNice Côte d’Azur AirportOurAirports ↗ · FRNice · FranceEurope/Paris43.658401, 7.21587
NRTRJAANarita International AirportOurAirports ↗ · JPTokyo · JapanAsia/Tokyo35.76858, 140.388714
OPOLPPRFrancisco Sá Carneiro AirportOurAirports ↗ · PTPorto · PortugalEurope/Lisbon41.2481002808, -8.68138980865
ORDKORDO’Hare International AirportOurAirports ↗ · USChicago · United StatesAmerica/Chicago41.9786, -87.9048
ORYLFPOParis-Orly AirportOurAirports ↗ · FRParis · FranceEurope/Paris48.729499, 2.358963
OSLENGMOslo AirportOurAirports ↗ · NOOslo · NorwayEurope/Oslo60.193901, 11.1004
PDXKPDXPortland International AirportOurAirports ↗ · USPortland · United StatesAmerica/Los_Angeles45.588699, -122.598
PEKZBAABeijing Capital International AirportOurAirports ↗ · CNBeijing · ChinaAsia/Shanghai40.077349, 116.596702
PERYPPHPerth AirportOurAirports ↗ · AUPerth · AustraliaAustralia/Perth-31.940299987793, 115.96700286865
PHXKPHXPhoenix Sky Harbor International AirportOurAirports ↗ · USPhoenix · United StatesAmerica/Phoenix33.435302, -112.005905
PKXZBADBeijing Daxing International AirportOurAirports ↗ · CNBeijing · ChinaAsia/Shanghai39.501289, 116.413967
PMILEPAPalma de Mallorca AirportOurAirports ↗ · ESPalma · SpainEurope/Madrid39.551701, 2.73881
PRGLKPRVáclav Havel Airport PragueOurAirports ↗ · CZPrague · CzechiaEurope/Prague50.100874, 14.259911
PVGZSPDShanghai Pudong International AirportOurAirports ↗ · CNShanghai · ChinaAsia/Shanghai31.1434, 121.805
RIXEVRARiga International AirportOurAirports ↗ · LVRiga · LatviaEurope/Riga56.920752, 23.970711
RUHOERKKing Khalid International AirportOurAirports ↗ · SARiyadh · Saudi ArabiaAsia/Riyadh24.9576, 46.698799
SAWLTFJSabiha Gökçen International AirportOurAirports ↗ · TRIstanbul · TürkiyeEurope/Istanbul40.898602, 29.3092
SCLSCELArturo Merino Benítez International AirportOurAirports ↗ · CLSantiago · ChileAmerica/Santiago-33.393001556396, -70.785797119141
SEAKSEASeattle–Tacoma International AirportOurAirports ↗ · USSeattle · United StatesAmerica/Los_Angeles47.447943, -122.310276
SFOKSFOSan Francisco International AirportOurAirports ↗ · USSan Francisco · United StatesAmerica/Los_Angeles37.619806, -122.374821
SHAZSSSShanghai Hongqiao International AirportOurAirports ↗ · CNShanghai · ChinaAsia/Shanghai31.198104, 121.33426
SHJOMSJSharjah International AirportOurAirports ↗ · AESharjah · United Arab EmiratesAsia/Dubai25.3286, 55.5172
SINWSSSSingapore Changi AirportOurAirports ↗ · SGSingapore · SingaporeAsia/Singapore1.35019, 103.994003
STNEGSSLondon Stansted AirportOurAirports ↗ · GBLondon · United KingdomEurope/London51.884998, 0.235
SVOUUEESheremetyevo International AirportOurAirports ↗ · RUMoscow · RussiaEurope/Moscow55.977486, 37.386677
SYDYSSYSydney AirportOurAirports ↗ · AUSydney · AustraliaAustralia/Sydney-33.946098, 151.177002
SZXZGSZShenzhen Bao’an International AirportOurAirports ↗ · CNShenzhen · ChinaAsia/Shanghai22.639474, 113.803262
TLVLLBGBen Gurion AirportOurAirports ↗ · ILTel Aviv · IsraelAsia/Jerusalem32.011398, 34.8867
TPERCTPTaiwan Taoyuan International AirportOurAirports ↗ · TWTaoyuan · TaiwanAsia/Taipei25.0777, 121.233002
TUNDTTATunis–Carthage International AirportOurAirports ↗ · TNTunis · TunisiaAfrica/Tunis36.851002, 10.2272
VCELIPZVenice Marco Polo AirportOurAirports ↗ · ITVenice · ItalyEurope/Rome45.505299, 12.3519
VCPSBKPViracopos International AirportOurAirports ↗ · BRCampinas · BrazilAmerica/Sao_Paulo-23.007404, -47.134502
VIELOWWVienna International AirportOurAirports ↗ · ATVienna · AustriaEurope/Vienna48.110298, 16.5697
WAWEPWAWarsaw Chopin AirportOurAirports ↗ · PLWarsaw · PolandEurope/Warsaw52.165699, 20.9671
YEGCYEGEdmonton International AirportOurAirports ↗ · CAEdmonton · CanadaAmerica/Edmonton53.3097, -113.580002
YOWCYOWOttawa Macdonald–Cartier International AirportOurAirports ↗ · CAOttawa · CanadaAmerica/Toronto45.322498, -75.669197
YQBCYQBQuébec City Jean Lesage International AirportOurAirports ↗ · CAQuébec City · CanadaAmerica/Toronto46.7911, -71.393303
YULCYULMontréal–Trudeau International AirportOurAirports ↗ · CAMontréal · CanadaAmerica/Toronto45.467837, -73.742294
YVRCYVRVancouver International AirportOurAirports ↗ · CAVancouver · CanadaAmerica/Vancouver49.193901, -123.183998
YYCCYYCCalgary International AirportOurAirports ↗ · CACalgary · CanadaAmerica/Edmonton51.118822, -114.009933
YYZCYYZToronto Pearson International AirportOurAirports ↗ · CAToronto · CanadaAmerica/Toronto43.675935, -79.629421
ZRHLSZHZurich AirportOurAirports ↗ · CHZurich · SwitzerlandEurope/Zurich47.458056, 8.548056

A–Z

Commercial aircraft reference

Indicative manufacturer figures. Cabin layouts, payload, weather and airline configuration change real capacity and range.

ManufacturerFamilyTypical seatsPublished rangeRoleOfficial source
AirbusA220-100100–120Two classes6,700 kmRegionalAirbus ↗
AirbusA220-300120–150Two classes6,300 kmRegionalAirbus ↗
AirbusA319neo120–150Two classes6,850 kmSingle aisleAirbus ↗
AirbusA320neo150–180Two classes6,300 kmSingle aisleAirbus ↗
AirbusA321neo180–220Two classes7,400 kmSingle aisleAirbus ↗
AirbusA321XLR180–220Two classes8,700 kmLong-range single aisleAirbus ↗
AirbusA330-800257–271Three classes15,000 kmLong haulAirbus ↗
AirbusA330-900287–303Three classes13,600 kmWidebodyAirbus ↗
AirbusA350-1000375–400Three classes16,850 kmLarge long haulAirbus ↗
AirbusA350-900332–352Three classes15,750 kmLong haulAirbus ↗
ATRATR 42-60048Standard layout1,345 kmRegionalATR ↗
ATRATR 72-60072Standard layout1,370 kmRegionalATR ↗
Boeing737-10185–210Two classes5,740 kmSingle aisleBoeing ↗
Boeing737-7135–160Two classes7,040 kmSingle aisleBoeing ↗
Boeing737-8160–180Two classes6,480 kmSingle aisleBoeing ↗
Boeing737-9175–195Two classes6,110 kmSingle aisleBoeing ↗
Boeing777-200ER300–375Two classes13,890 kmLong haulBoeing ↗
Boeing777-200LR300–375Two classes15,740 kmLong haulBoeing ↗
Boeing777-300ER350–425Two classes13,890 kmLarge long haulBoeing ↗
Boeing787-10300–375Two classes13,890 kmLong haulBoeing ↗
Boeing787-8200–275Two classes14,820 kmLong haulBoeing ↗
Boeing787-9250–325Two classes15,370 kmLong haulBoeing ↗
EmbraerE190-E297–114Varies by layout5,463 kmRegionalEmbraer ↗
EmbraerE195-E2120–146Varies by layout5,556 kmRegionalEmbraer ↗

A–Z

Aviation glossary

Plain-language definitions for the terms most often used in network, fleet and airport reporting.

A-CDM
Airport collaborative decision-making: sharing operational milestones among airport partners to improve predictability.
ACMI
A wet-lease contract covering aircraft, crew, maintenance and insurance.
ACTK
Available cargo tonne-kilometres: offered cargo capacity in tonnes multiplied by flight-stage distance in kilometres.
Aerodrome forecast (TAF)
A coded forecast of significant weather expected at an aerodrome during a stated validity period.
Air service agreement
Arrangement between states defining rights for international air services.
Air traffic flow management
Measures that match flight demand with available airspace and airport capacity.
Airport slot
Permission to schedule an arrival or departure at a coordinated airport at a specified time.
Airside
Controlled airport area reached through the applicable security or access procedures. Permitted transit routes depend on the itinerary.
Airworthiness certificate
Authorization for an individual aircraft to operate when it conforms to its approved design and remains safe.
Airworthiness directive
A mandatory instruction issued to correct an unsafe condition in an aircraft, engine or component.
Ancillary fee
Charge for a service separate from the core ticket product, such as a particular bag or advance seat selection.
Anti-icing
Preventive treatment intended to delay new snow or ice from adhering to a clean aircraft surface.
Auxiliary power unit (APU)
Aircraft auxiliary unit that can supply power and other services. It is distinct from the main propulsion engines.
Belly cargo
Freight carried in the lower hold of a passenger aircraft alongside baggage.
Bilateral traffic right
Permission exchanged by two states for specified international air services.
Block time
Time from leaving the departure stand to reaching the arrival stand.
Book-and-claim
Accounting method that separates a verified environmental attribute from the physical fuel or product.
Cabotage
Domestic carriage by a foreign airline inside another country.
Cargo load factor
Cargo traffic divided by offered cargo capacity using a consistent distance-weighted basis, commonly CTK divided by ACTK.
Codeshare
One operating flight sold under flight numbers from partner airlines.
Crew duty period
Regulated period during which a crew member may be assigned flight duties.
CTK
Cargo tonne-kilometres: carried cargo mass in tonnes multiplied by the distance in kilometres for each flight stage.
De-icing
Removal of snow, frost or ice already present on an aircraft surface before flight.
Declared capacity
Number of airport movements or uses made available for scheduling in a defined period.
Density altitude
Pressure altitude adjusted for nonstandard temperature, used to describe air-density conditions affecting aircraft performance rather than geographic height.
Departure sequencing
Ordering departures so aircraft can use stands, taxiways, runways and airspace safely and efficiently.
Digital credential
Electronically verifiable statement about an identity or travel entitlement.
Direct flight
Service retaining a flight number that may include an intermediate stop. Aircraft and transit procedures should be checked.
Diversion airport
Suitable alternate airport to which a flight can proceed when landing at the intended destination is not possible.
DNL
Day-night average sound level: a cumulative 24-hour noise-exposure metric; the FAA method adds 10 dB weighting to events between 22:00 and 07:00.
ETOPS
Rules for extended operations where a suitable diversion airport may be distant.
Fare family
Named bundle of fare conditions and services. Similar names across airlines do not guarantee equivalent baggage or flexibility.
Flight level
Pressure-based altitude reference used to separate aircraft above a designated transition altitude.
Gate occupancy
Time an aircraft uses a passenger gate or stand, including arrival, servicing and departure preparation.
Great circle
The shortest path between two points on the surface of a sphere.
Gross orders
New aircraft orders recorded before the cancellations and adjustments specified in the report.
Ground handling
Services that prepare an aircraft and its passengers or cargo between arrival and departure.
Ground power unit (GPU)
Equipment supplying external electrical power to an aircraft on the ground. Its energy source and mobility vary.
Hold short
An instruction to stop before a specified point, commonly before entering or crossing a runway.
Holdover time
Planning guidance for how long anti-icing protection may remain effective under stated conditions.
Hub airport
Airport where an airline connects multiple arriving and departing services into a network.
ICAO code
Four-letter operational location indicator used in flight planning and air traffic services.
Induced land-use change
Indirect change in land use associated with demand for a fuel feedstock.
Interline
Agreement enabling an airline to sell or support an itinerary containing another airline’s service.
Joint venture
A deeper commercial partnership that may coordinate schedules, fares and revenue in approved markets.
Landside
Public-access side of an airport outside the controlled airside route. Entering it may involve immigration formalities.
Load factor
Passenger load factor: RPK divided by ASK over a consistent period and network. For a single flight, it is the share of offered seats used by paying passengers.
Maximum takeoff weight
Highest aircraft weight authorised for takeoff under its certification limits.
METAR
A coded report of observed weather at an aerodrome, including time, wind and visibility.
Net orders
Orders after the report’s defined cancellations and adjustments. Compare the same reporting period and scope.
Nonstop flight
Flight between origin and destination without an intermediate stop. It should not be confused with a direct service that stops.
NOTAM
Time-sensitive notice about an abnormal condition, change, facility or hazard relevant to flight operations.
Off-block time
Time when an aircraft leaves its parking position for departure, usually at the start of taxi or pushback.
On-time performance
Share of flights meeting a stated punctuality threshold; the threshold and event measured must be specified.
Order backlog
Ordered aircraft not yet delivered under the manufacturer’s reporting definition. It is not a guaranteed waiting time for one customer.
Passenger name record
Booking record containing itinerary and traveller information needed to manage a reservation.
Payload-range chart
Graph showing how the payload an aircraft can carry changes with distance.
Pre-conditioned air (PCA)
Externally conditioned air supplied to an aircraft cabin at the stand, a service distinct from electrical power.
RPK
Revenue passenger kilometres: paying passengers multiplied by distance travelled.
Runway hot spot
A marked airport movement area with a known or potential risk of collision or incursion.
Runway incursion
Incorrect presence of an aircraft, vehicle or person on a protected runway area.
Schedule padding
Extra planned time in a timetable to absorb ordinary variation in operations.
Seat pitch
Distance between corresponding points on consecutive seats. Seat-back design means it is not identical to usable legroom.
Seat width
Lateral seat measurement whose published definition should specify the reference points, including how armrests are treated.
Surface movement
Movement of aircraft and vehicles on the airport ground movement area.
Sustainable aviation fuel
Aviation fuel meeting applicable sustainability criteria for an eligible production pathway.
Technical log
Operational record of aircraft status, defects, rectification and relevant flight information.
Through check-in
Check-in process that can issue onward boarding passes or tag baggage to a later flight when arrangements allow.
Traffic right
Legal right for an airline to operate a defined international service.
Transit passenger
Traveller continuing a journey through an intermediate airport; local entry and transfer requirements vary.
Turnaround
The sequence between aircraft arrival at a stand and its next departure.
Turnaround milestone
A recorded event in the ground sequence, such as in-block, boarding start, doors closed or off-block.
Type certificate
Regulatory approval that a defined aircraft, engine or propeller design meets its certification basis.
Unit load device (ULD)
Standardized container or pallet used to group baggage and freight for aircraft loading.
Value of time
Economic estimate of how travellers or operators value time saved, used in transport appraisal.
Wake turbulence
Rotating air left behind an aircraft that requires separation from following traffic.
Wet lease
An arrangement in which the provider operates the aircraft for the customer airline.
Yield
Average passenger revenue per distance flown; a fare measure distinct from load factor.
Zero-fuel weight
Aircraft weight excluding usable fuel, subject to a certified maximum.