{
    "dataset": "glossary",
    "language": "en",
    "reviewed": "2026-10-06",
    "methodology": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data-methodology/",
    "records": [
        {
            "term": "A-CDM",
            "localized_term": "A-CDM",
            "definition": "Airport collaborative decision-making: sharing operational milestones among airport partners to improve predictability.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-f43a36653831"
        },
        {
            "term": "ACMI",
            "localized_term": "ACMI",
            "definition": "A wet-lease contract covering aircraft, crew, maintenance and insurance.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-5cbf677a7a59"
        },
        {
            "term": "ACTK",
            "localized_term": "ACTK",
            "definition": "Available cargo tonne-kilometres: offered cargo capacity in tonnes multiplied by flight-stage distance in kilometres.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "https://www.iata.org/en/publications/newsletters/iata-knowledge-hub/understanding-air-traffic-metrics/",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-0308ebd22868"
        },
        {
            "term": "Aerodrome forecast (TAF)",
            "localized_term": "Aerodrome forecast (TAF)",
            "definition": "A coded forecast of significant weather expected at an aerodrome during a stated validity period.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-6c96e8873456"
        },
        {
            "term": "Air service agreement",
            "localized_term": "Air service agreement",
            "definition": "Arrangement between states defining rights for international air services.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-9e87b255afa6"
        },
        {
            "term": "Air traffic flow management",
            "localized_term": "Air traffic flow management",
            "definition": "Measures that match flight demand with available airspace and airport capacity.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-fc85160ee01d"
        },
        {
            "term": "Aircraft rotation",
            "localized_term": "Aircraft rotation",
            "definition": "Sequence of flights assigned to one aircraft.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-727ebd0ce367"
        },
        {
            "term": "Airport slot",
            "localized_term": "Airport slot",
            "definition": "Permission to schedule an arrival or departure at a coordinated airport at a specified time.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-4669268b4064"
        },
        {
            "term": "Airside",
            "localized_term": "Airside",
            "definition": "Controlled airport area reached through the applicable security or access procedures. Permitted transit routes depend on the itinerary.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "https://www.gov.uk/uk-border-control/layovers-and-transiting",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-bef8a7c61e4d"
        },
        {
            "term": "Airworthiness certificate",
            "localized_term": "Airworthiness certificate",
            "definition": "Authorization for an individual aircraft to operate when it conforms to its approved design and remains safe.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-31ad5bb976fe"
        },
        {
            "term": "Airworthiness directive",
            "localized_term": "Airworthiness directive",
            "definition": "A mandatory instruction issued to correct an unsafe condition in an aircraft, engine or component.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-3ca33341fb51"
        },
        {
            "term": "Ancillary fee",
            "localized_term": "Ancillary fee",
            "definition": "Charge for a service separate from the core ticket product, such as a particular bag or advance seat selection.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-2afa7f01402b"
        },
        {
            "term": "Anti-icing",
            "localized_term": "Anti-icing",
            "definition": "Preventive treatment intended to delay new snow or ice from adhering to a clean aircraft surface.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-68f852414e9f"
        },
        {
            "term": "ASK",
            "localized_term": "ASK",
            "definition": "Available seat kilometres: seats offered multiplied by distance flown.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "https://www.iata.org/en/publications/newsletters/iata-knowledge-hub/understanding-air-traffic-metrics/",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-6d6125cc4538"
        },
        {
            "term": "Auxiliary power unit (APU)",
            "localized_term": "Auxiliary power unit (APU)",
            "definition": "Aircraft auxiliary unit that can supply power and other services. It is distinct from the main propulsion engines.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-54072d5b9824"
        },
        {
            "term": "Belly cargo",
            "localized_term": "Belly cargo",
            "definition": "Freight carried in the lower hold of a passenger aircraft alongside baggage.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-fa138c17c95c"
        },
        {
            "term": "Bilateral traffic right",
            "localized_term": "Bilateral traffic right",
            "definition": "Permission exchanged by two states for specified international air services.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-6eb0cb6e0dcf"
        },
        {
            "term": "Block time",
            "localized_term": "Block time",
            "definition": "Time from leaving the departure stand to reaching the arrival stand.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-f2528d968937"
        },
        {
            "term": "Book-and-claim",
            "localized_term": "Book-and-claim",
            "definition": "Accounting method that separates a verified environmental attribute from the physical fuel or product.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-4acbbcafcf36"
        },
        {
            "term": "Cabotage",
            "localized_term": "Cabotage",
            "definition": "Domestic carriage by a foreign airline inside another country.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-2ef58c5ffd19"
        },
        {
            "term": "Cargo load factor",
            "localized_term": "Cargo load factor",
            "definition": "Cargo traffic divided by offered cargo capacity using a consistent distance-weighted basis, commonly CTK divided by ACTK.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "https://www.iata.org/en/publications/newsletters/iata-knowledge-hub/understanding-air-traffic-metrics/",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-5b993786a347"
        },
        {
            "term": "Codeshare",
            "localized_term": "Codeshare",
            "definition": "One operating flight sold under flight numbers from partner airlines.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-ba6c6f78324e"
        },
        {
            "term": "Crew duty period",
            "localized_term": "Crew duty period",
            "definition": "Regulated period during which a crew member may be assigned flight duties.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-604a9990ba88"
        },
        {
            "term": "CTK",
            "localized_term": "CTK",
            "definition": "Cargo tonne-kilometres: carried cargo mass in tonnes multiplied by the distance in kilometres for each flight stage.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "https://www.iata.org/en/publications/newsletters/iata-knowledge-hub/understanding-air-traffic-metrics/",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-e66b941f5daf"
        },
        {
            "term": "De-icing",
            "localized_term": "De-icing",
            "definition": "Removal of snow, frost or ice already present on an aircraft surface before flight.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-b6c0b77f01ce"
        },
        {
            "term": "Declared capacity",
            "localized_term": "Declared capacity",
            "definition": "Number of airport movements or uses made available for scheduling in a defined period.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-3eac3fd1725a"
        },
        {
            "term": "Density altitude",
            "localized_term": "Density altitude",
            "definition": "Pressure altitude adjusted for nonstandard temperature, used to describe air-density conditions affecting aircraft performance rather than geographic height.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "https://www.faa.gov/sites/faa.gov/files/13_phak_ch11.pdf",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-a5167cc2340a"
        },
        {
            "term": "Departure sequencing",
            "localized_term": "Departure sequencing",
            "definition": "Ordering departures so aircraft can use stands, taxiways, runways and airspace safely and efficiently.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-3276bb79c7f6"
        },
        {
            "term": "Digital credential",
            "localized_term": "Digital credential",
            "definition": "Electronically verifiable statement about an identity or travel entitlement.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-4b3bbecc8c72"
        },
        {
            "term": "Direct flight",
            "localized_term": "Direct flight",
            "definition": "Service retaining a flight number that may include an intermediate stop. Aircraft and transit procedures should be checked.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-68964fdf8bfa"
        },
        {
            "term": "Diversion airport",
            "localized_term": "Diversion airport",
            "definition": "Suitable alternate airport to which a flight can proceed when landing at the intended destination is not possible.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-af2a1d4105b1"
        },
        {
            "term": "DNL",
            "localized_term": "DNL",
            "definition": "Day-night average sound level: a cumulative 24-hour noise-exposure metric; the FAA method adds 10 dB weighting to events between 22:00 and 07:00.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "https://www.faa.gov/faq/what-dnl-and-why-does-faa-use-it",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-660c0239c032"
        },
        {
            "term": "ETOPS",
            "localized_term": "ETOPS",
            "definition": "Rules for extended operations where a suitable diversion airport may be distant.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-dfb600bbb52c"
        },
        {
            "term": "Fare family",
            "localized_term": "Fare family",
            "definition": "Named bundle of fare conditions and services. Similar names across airlines do not guarantee equivalent baggage or flexibility.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-dc15079904d3"
        },
        {
            "term": "Flight level",
            "localized_term": "Flight level",
            "definition": "Pressure-based altitude reference used to separate aircraft above a designated transition altitude.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-f3dd8d0bc349"
        },
        {
            "term": "Fuel reserve",
            "localized_term": "Fuel reserve",
            "definition": "Fuel carried in addition to the planned trip consumption under operating rules.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-3c58e8c61c3d"
        },
        {
            "term": "Gate occupancy",
            "localized_term": "Gate occupancy",
            "definition": "Time an aircraft uses a passenger gate or stand, including arrival, servicing and departure preparation.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-6018e15d462e"
        },
        {
            "term": "Great circle",
            "localized_term": "Great circle",
            "definition": "The shortest path between two points on the surface of a sphere.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-49ad4362cf83"
        },
        {
            "term": "Gross orders",
            "localized_term": "Gross orders",
            "definition": "New aircraft orders recorded before the cancellations and adjustments specified in the report.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-0e04d47ff03e"
        },
        {
            "term": "Ground handling",
            "localized_term": "Ground handling",
            "definition": "Services that prepare an aircraft and its passengers or cargo between arrival and departure.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-8d6375eecdde"
        },
        {
            "term": "Ground power unit (GPU)",
            "localized_term": "Ground power unit (GPU)",
            "definition": "Equipment supplying external electrical power to an aircraft on the ground. Its energy source and mobility vary.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-dbfec7e7b005"
        },
        {
            "term": "Hold short",
            "localized_term": "Hold short",
            "definition": "An instruction to stop before a specified point, commonly before entering or crossing a runway.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-bc859abf5a82"
        },
        {
            "term": "Holdover time",
            "localized_term": "Holdover time",
            "definition": "Planning guidance for how long anti-icing protection may remain effective under stated conditions.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-2551c8f14de9"
        },
        {
            "term": "Hub airport",
            "localized_term": "Hub airport",
            "definition": "Airport where an airline connects multiple arriving and departing services into a network.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-ed092784f9c8"
        },
        {
            "term": "IATA code",
            "localized_term": "IATA code",
            "definition": "Three-letter commercial airport identifier used in tickets and baggage systems.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "https://www.iata.org/en/services/codes/",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-dde0ec4cbc68"
        },
        {
            "term": "ICAO code",
            "localized_term": "ICAO code",
            "definition": "Four-letter operational location indicator used in flight planning and air traffic services.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "https://www.icao.int/location-indicators-and-airlineairport-safety-metrics-data",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-76eb89955195"
        },
        {
            "term": "Induced land-use change",
            "localized_term": "Induced land-use change",
            "definition": "Indirect change in land use associated with demand for a fuel feedstock.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-cb04e22c2ebc"
        },
        {
            "term": "Interline",
            "localized_term": "Interline",
            "definition": "Agreement enabling an airline to sell or support an itinerary containing another airline’s service.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-b7fd5c9a22fd"
        },
        {
            "term": "Joint venture",
            "localized_term": "Joint venture",
            "definition": "A deeper commercial partnership that may coordinate schedules, fares and revenue in approved markets.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-efde1bfc4c0b"
        },
        {
            "term": "Landside",
            "localized_term": "Landside",
            "definition": "Public-access side of an airport outside the controlled airside route. Entering it may involve immigration formalities.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "https://www.gov.uk/uk-border-control/layovers-and-transiting",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-60337318192d"
        },
        {
            "term": "Lifecycle assessment",
            "localized_term": "Lifecycle assessment",
            "definition": "Method for estimating environmental impacts across a product’s full chain.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-92ff171a9e77"
        },
        {
            "term": "Load factor",
            "localized_term": "Load factor",
            "definition": "Passenger load factor: RPK divided by ASK over a consistent period and network. For a single flight, it is the share of offered seats used by paying passengers.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "https://www.iata.org/en/publications/newsletters/iata-knowledge-hub/understanding-air-traffic-metrics/",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-50a43b55835f"
        },
        {
            "term": "Maximum takeoff weight",
            "localized_term": "Maximum takeoff weight",
            "definition": "Highest aircraft weight authorised for takeoff under its certification limits.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-beb5d3529469"
        },
        {
            "term": "METAR",
            "localized_term": "METAR",
            "definition": "A coded report of observed weather at an aerodrome, including time, wind and visibility.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-92df4c68d6d4"
        },
        {
            "term": "Minimum connection time",
            "localized_term": "Minimum connection time",
            "definition": "Published minimum time for a supported transfer at an airport.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-0e663eecb1b8"
        },
        {
            "term": "Net orders",
            "localized_term": "Net orders",
            "definition": "Orders after the report’s defined cancellations and adjustments. Compare the same reporting period and scope.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-3c8d56ca5078"
        },
        {
            "term": "Nonstop flight",
            "localized_term": "Nonstop flight",
            "definition": "Flight between origin and destination without an intermediate stop. It should not be confused with a direct service that stops.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-3848f2c154e7"
        },
        {
            "term": "NOTAM",
            "localized_term": "NOTAM",
            "definition": "Time-sensitive notice about an abnormal condition, change, facility or hazard relevant to flight operations.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-9a79b8023a29"
        },
        {
            "term": "Off-block time",
            "localized_term": "Off-block time",
            "definition": "Time when an aircraft leaves its parking position for departure, usually at the start of taxi or pushback.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-4d149ac0da39"
        },
        {
            "term": "On-time performance",
            "localized_term": "On-time performance",
            "definition": "Share of flights meeting a stated punctuality threshold; the threshold and event measured must be specified.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "https://ganpportal.icao.int/PerformanceManagement/DataAnalytics",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-de0876aff47b"
        },
        {
            "term": "Order backlog",
            "localized_term": "Order backlog",
            "definition": "Ordered aircraft not yet delivered under the manufacturer’s reporting definition. It is not a guaranteed waiting time for one customer.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-3e09264bfd2c"
        },
        {
            "term": "Passenger name record",
            "localized_term": "Passenger name record",
            "definition": "Booking record containing itinerary and traveller information needed to manage a reservation.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-ca74c9ddd567"
        },
        {
            "term": "Payload",
            "localized_term": "Payload",
            "definition": "Passengers, baggage and cargo carried in addition to aircraft operating items.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-99733344956d"
        },
        {
            "term": "Payload-range chart",
            "localized_term": "Payload-range chart",
            "definition": "Graph showing how the payload an aircraft can carry changes with distance.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "https://www.boeing.com/commercial/airports/plan-manuals",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-f1f0335ffc27"
        },
        {
            "term": "Pre-conditioned air (PCA)",
            "localized_term": "Pre-conditioned air (PCA)",
            "definition": "Externally conditioned air supplied to an aircraft cabin at the stand, a service distinct from electrical power.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-172d3229a301"
        },
        {
            "term": "RPK",
            "localized_term": "RPK",
            "definition": "Revenue passenger kilometres: paying passengers multiplied by distance travelled.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "https://www.iata.org/en/publications/newsletters/iata-knowledge-hub/understanding-air-traffic-metrics/",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-9adf824b4196"
        },
        {
            "term": "Runway hot spot",
            "localized_term": "Runway hot spot",
            "definition": "A marked airport movement area with a known or potential risk of collision or incursion.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-76cbe8fc956a"
        },
        {
            "term": "Runway incursion",
            "localized_term": "Runway incursion",
            "definition": "Incorrect presence of an aircraft, vehicle or person on a protected runway area.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-587b9b6b0889"
        },
        {
            "term": "Schedule padding",
            "localized_term": "Schedule padding",
            "definition": "Extra planned time in a timetable to absorb ordinary variation in operations.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-4adc3a29c9fd"
        },
        {
            "term": "Schedule recovery",
            "localized_term": "Schedule recovery",
            "definition": "Operational process for rebuilding a flight plan after disruption.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-33207477b5bf"
        },
        {
            "term": "Seat pitch",
            "localized_term": "Seat pitch",
            "definition": "Distance between corresponding points on consecutive seats. Seat-back design means it is not identical to usable legroom.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-94a9fd4638b8"
        },
        {
            "term": "Seat width",
            "localized_term": "Seat width",
            "definition": "Lateral seat measurement whose published definition should specify the reference points, including how armrests are treated.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-46552f4fdced"
        },
        {
            "term": "Surface movement",
            "localized_term": "Surface movement",
            "definition": "Movement of aircraft and vehicles on the airport ground movement area.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-b3f2b9e07d16"
        },
        {
            "term": "Sustainable aviation fuel",
            "localized_term": "Sustainable aviation fuel",
            "definition": "Aviation fuel meeting applicable sustainability criteria for an eligible production pathway.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-eb1fb284d8f1"
        },
        {
            "term": "Technical log",
            "localized_term": "Technical log",
            "definition": "Operational record of aircraft status, defects, rectification and relevant flight information.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-7255490e9065"
        },
        {
            "term": "Through check-in",
            "localized_term": "Through check-in",
            "definition": "Check-in process that can issue onward boarding passes or tag baggage to a later flight when arrangements allow.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-ebc3f880ec37"
        },
        {
            "term": "Traffic right",
            "localized_term": "Traffic right",
            "definition": "Legal right for an airline to operate a defined international service.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-cabbe15aaf9d"
        },
        {
            "term": "Transit passenger",
            "localized_term": "Transit passenger",
            "definition": "Traveller continuing a journey through an intermediate airport; local entry and transfer requirements vary.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "https://www.gov.uk/uk-border-control/layovers-and-transiting",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-e34c2515ce52"
        },
        {
            "term": "Turnaround",
            "localized_term": "Turnaround",
            "definition": "The sequence between aircraft arrival at a stand and its next departure.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-96537b1d8482"
        },
        {
            "term": "Turnaround milestone",
            "localized_term": "Turnaround milestone",
            "definition": "A recorded event in the ground sequence, such as in-block, boarding start, doors closed or off-block.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-31b4f037350f"
        },
        {
            "term": "Type certificate",
            "localized_term": "Type certificate",
            "definition": "Regulatory approval that a defined aircraft, engine or propeller design meets its certification basis.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-42f76c27b7d3"
        },
        {
            "term": "Unit load device (ULD)",
            "localized_term": "Unit load device (ULD)",
            "definition": "Standardized container or pallet used to group baggage and freight for aircraft loading.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-42850d1afd9c"
        },
        {
            "term": "Value of time",
            "localized_term": "Value of time",
            "definition": "Economic estimate of how travellers or operators value time saved, used in transport appraisal.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-6520c3d1bf03"
        },
        {
            "term": "Wake turbulence",
            "localized_term": "Wake turbulence",
            "definition": "Rotating air left behind an aircraft that requires separation from following traffic.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-69b5a50e07c7"
        },
        {
            "term": "Wet lease",
            "localized_term": "Wet lease",
            "definition": "An arrangement in which the provider operates the aircraft for the customer airline.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-696c55096bf5"
        },
        {
            "term": "Yield",
            "localized_term": "Yield",
            "definition": "Average passenger revenue per distance flown; a fare measure distinct from load factor.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "https://www.iata.org/en/publications/newsletters/iata-knowledge-hub/understanding-air-traffic-metrics/",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-347de0eefc8c"
        },
        {
            "term": "Zero-fuel weight",
            "localized_term": "Zero-fuel weight",
            "definition": "Aircraft weight excluding usable fuel, subject to a certified maximum.",
            "language": "en",
            "supporting_sources": "",
            "reference": "https://international-flight-news.com/en/data/#term-49505b08c0de"
        }
    ]
}